Does the signer have to appear personally?

Short answer

Yes. Personal appearance is the foundation of every notarial act. In states that authorize remote online notarization, appearance may occur over approved live audio-video technology.

Full explanation

There is no exception for a trusted spouse, an urgent deadline, a hospital hallway, or a document that is "already signed." No appearance means no notarization. Remote online notarization does not remove the requirement — it changes how appearance is satisfied, under a specific authorization, technology platform, and set of state rules.

Example

"My husband already signed it and he is at work" is a decline. The husband must appear, in person or through an authorized remote session.

Common mistake to avoid

Notarizing without personal appearance is among the most serious violations a notary can commit and is a crime in many states.

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